al-Moatamed ballah

al-Moatamed ballah  his name is Ahmed al-Moatamed ala Allah Abo al-Aabas abn al-Motwakel ala AllahGaafar al-Moatasem ballah ibn Mohamed ibn al-Rashed Abbasi . He published and his brother conciliator differences between the influence of the Turks to re-Abbasid Caliph to normal as Muhtadee Billah feedback before you wear it, and the conciliator to address the revolution Zinj, while he was addressing the revolution, the Caliph tried to convey the Abbasid caliphate to Egypt, which was ruled by Tulunid state founded by Ahmed bin Toulon fear to be under the command of his brother, the conciliator, but the conciliator knowledge of the matter and ordered to return the to Baghdad..Al-Mu'tadid died in 892 AD and pregnancy and buried in Samarra. The succession of twenty-three years and took after him Caliphate Al-Mu'tadid historians have hit in the naming of the era ofal-Moatamed ala allah awakening of the Abbasid Caliphate.

Al-Muhtadi ballah

Abo Eshak muhammad Al-Muhtadi ballah bin al-Wasek is the Abbasid Caliph XIV, before the oath of allegiance one even came Palmatz arose convert him and handed him the succession and sat  brought witnesses Vhhdoa to Moataz he is incapable of succession confessed thus extending his hand Fbaya convert rose then convert to the chest Council .

Caliph Muhtadee Billah was a man of devout brave firm lover of justice complying biography of Omar bin Abdul Aziz in the justice and governance, try to restore the Abbasid Caliphate prestige and status, and stop the tyranny of the Turks and despotism; try to make a band in their ranks and hit each other to weaken them and transmit the dispute between them, but they are aware smart for trying and rushed to get rid of it. The whole Turk convert to kill, they have increased their influence. And they went to him then fight for convert Moroccans and Lafragnh and Alohroessnah and killed Turks in day four thousand and as long as the fighting to the Caliph army defeated the Turks and captured and handed over to someone spiteful of them still torments him until he died in an Recep six and fifty years was the succession only fifteen days a year and it came to the Turks He arose and wrote Floater Rhaa and threw in mosques O Muslims claimed God Khaliftkm Justice satisfaction emulator to Omar bin Abdul Aziz that God supports him on his enemy.between his hands 

Abu Abdullah bin al-Moataz

Is Abu Abdullah bin al-Moataz bin Mutawakkil bin Mutassim bin Rashid was born in 231 AH. Apparent succession after take off Musta'in God in 4 Muharram 252 AH. It is still the ruler to take off in the same 27 years of Rajab 255 AH. He was on the Crown Caliphate nineteen-year-old Hassan was adorable.

Said Ali Ibn war: What I saw his successor the best of it, which is the first of the latest Find any passenger is marked gold and caliphs was riding Bahalih light silver

In the first year of his succession Ahnas Turkish which Astkhalafh confident the Sultanate Fastkhalaf Moataz Mohammed bin Abdullah bin Taher died then isolated Fastkhalaf brother Abu Ahmed and directed the crown of gold and then remove him after a while and sultn BGA Acharabi went on Moataz killed so from the beginning of the Proud assume who was imprisoned He and his brother, the pro order of the Caliph Musta'in and take Moataz Turks aided who cast him from prison and appointed him Khalifa in Samarra, then Okhaddoa allegiance of Musta'in who fled to Baghdad the help commanders Turks are "Bga_oosif" Then began the era of the Proud, waving his brother from prison and made him his heir then isolated and imprisoned The killing began Moataz differentiates led the Turks with him Vozaaj this act Turks and started Ahacboh Ali his mistakes and Atrbesoa him and Estdouna money for them has he sent to his mother, "ugly" Wife Mutawakil to ask her some money but I learned sons Turks in the salvation of her son and learned its end either sent money or not and already tortured Turks Caliph Moataz even cede jurisdiction of the Muhtadi bin confident with non-payment of money to the Turks Okhaddoh in the desert a lot and hurting him and cut off his head and got to whip his brother pro and wear of the mandate of the Covenant and he died of skin Faty witnesses that his brother was not killed, and after a while in Rajab 255 for Migration rebellion Turks on their leader son Summer and demanded money from the Proud, a mother asked the ugly did not give him the meanest of them was agreed Turk to kill him and crucified him, Khalaoh and Bayaoa Mohammed bin confident and killed him on 27 Rajab 255 for Migration, the first Khalifa died of thirst, and died son of Moataz in the year 296

Ahmed bn al-Mutassim

Is Ahmed bn al-Mutassim bin Rashid, a brother of al-Mutawakkil and al-Wasek and his mother's name Mukhaariq. he was born in 220 AH. Apparent succession on the day he died the Al-Muntasir, the day 25 years of the first spring 248 e. Khalifa was still to take off on Friday, 4 Muharram 252 AH As Tmkr him Turks feared and descended from Samarra to Baghdad, they sent him apologize and are subject to him and ask him back and he refuses brought him prison and driven out Moataz Bellah and Bayaoh and took off Musta'in then equipped Moataz army thick to fight Musta'in fell between them and projections, and as long as the fighting for months and many killings and GLT Price and bone scourge and dissolved ordered Musta'in they sought in Magistrate stripped himself Musta'in I certify the judges. Moataz sent to Ahmad Ibn Tulun to go to Musta'in kill him, he said God does not kill the children of the caliphs Vndb him happy Vzbha eyebrow in the third of Shawwal of the year at the age of 31

muhammad al-Montaser (the vector)

he is muhammad al-Montaser ballah bin Mutawakkil bin Mutassim bin Rashid (Gm247-248h). And his mother was born or Romans called Ethiopian born in 222 AH and holding his father mandate of the Covenant in 235 e is the reign of Caliph Al-Montaser is the beginning of the era of the weakness of the Abbasid state. Apparent succession after the death of his father Mutawakil on 4 October the year 247 AH. It showed justice and equity in the parish Fmalt him hearts with the severity of his prestige and he was generous meek. He died on Sunday, 25 March the year 248 AH for 26 years, did not enjoy the succession only six months. It was: he sat down on some days for fun, has recovered from the coffers of his father Fitch, ordered Pferchha in the Council, and he saw some rugs circle where Knight and the crown and around the writing Persian, asked who read it, gave man, A look, Vqtab, he said: What are these? He said: senseless, pressed him, he said: I Hiroah Bin Bin fractions of Hormuz, killed my father did not enjoy the king only six months, altering the face of the victor, and ordered the burning of the rug.

It was that since the Crown has become cursing the Turks say: These are killers caliphs they made him and they were about to do Fdzoa him because he was brave solemn clever, open Trza Vthiloa to be suborned to his doctor son Tayfur thirty thousand dinars in his illness he pointed Pfsdh then Vsdh quill poisoned and died.

Dirhem of al-Montaser AH 247-248

Abo Al-Fadl Gaafar AL-Motwakel ala allah

Abo Al-Fadl Gaafar AL-Motwakel ala allah ibn Al-Moatasem ibn Haron Al-Rashed ibn Almahdi ibn Almansour (205-247AH) lived (March 822-11 December 861 AD) and the period of the Caliphate (847-861) succeeded his brother confident in God and his son succeeded him the victor in God. His mother was born or Turkish name shogaa "brave" .ho Abbasid Caliph tenth. Mutawakkilite built a city, and built and developed city of the role, and built the mosque and minaret in Samarra Helicobacter famous, and new Nile scale. Apparent him I'm not that remained of the argument the year 232 AH, and the increased influence of the Turks in his reign

It showed a tendency to insist Sunnis and her family and ended the strife mihna, and took out Ahmad

ibn Hanbal from confinement and take off it. And modernists brought to Samarra and Odzl their gifts and he was generous. It was said to have killed many of the flags of the Muslims to keep their reign. As for his death has Mutawakil occurred in the same mistake his grandfather rational when holding the state for three of his sons Secretary Valmomon Valmatman led to severe fighting claimed the lives of many in the forefront of the Secretary himself, Mutawakil has held the mandate for three of his sons victor then Moataz then pro, was not the hearts of Turks reassuring to Mutawakil they made to exploit hatred of the victor to his father Mutawakil because of preference Mutawakil to his son Moataz the victor, and then an incident ignited the fire of hatred in the victor's heart against his father when the disease Mutawakil days Moataz ordered that sermon Friday place Vojad the bone in the eyes of the people were afraid, the victor too succession of it to his brother Vtamr with some Turkish leaders to kill his father Mutawakil and already on the night of Wednesday 4 October the year 248 AH entered the El Moutawakel, killing him with their swords and killed with his friend conquest Ben Hakan and floated that conquest is the one who killed him and they killed him to have done and howl victor place and this incident marked the beginning of a long series of killings and isolate caliphs After that lost their dignity at the hands of the Turks on that Astkdmanm Mutasim to enter a Muslim country.

(Dinars Caliph Abo Al-Fadl gaafar returns for the period (232-247 AH

The second Abbasid era

Is the period from the year 847 AD until the fall of the Abbasid state and the fall of Baghdad (1258) and the death of more than 2 million of its population and the burning of libraries and the execution of its scientists by the Mongols led by Hulagu Khan and move to the Abbasid capital, Cairo.

The second Abbasid era begins succession Mutawakil the year 232 AH / 847 AD, and ends in 334 AH / 946 AD, in succession Almcetkvy God Muktafi bin Abdullah bin Mu'tadid. And she knows the second Abbasid era of "the influence of the Turks" has emerged as the Turkish element, and accounted for the major positions in the state, controlled the administration and the army. This has been the use of Turkish territory fetched element of "Turkistan" and "the country beyond the river", hired by the safe and Mutassim in age, "the first Abbasid". There were signs of this weakness at the beginning of this era, which features different from the first Abbasid era.

This period was characterized by instability caliphs long in power and not having absolute power of the ruling was the power I call any have the engagement and the currency only (pray for them in and write their names on the currency) Friday prayers, because of owning and Minister of Turkish military leaders who widened Rqathm in the Ottoman Empire, the real power in Command armies and appoint successors as they please.

Al-Waseq B-Allah ( Confident in God )

Aaron is the second self-assured in God Billah bin Mohammed bin Harun al-Rashid (232 AH / 847) is the ninth of the Abbasid caliphs in Iraq. Born in Baghdad in 200 AH. His mother's mother was born Romans called Qratis. They call it the little safe for literature and virtues, and it was safe Ijlsh and his father Mutasim was standing, and he would say: O Abu Ishaq Aaron no discipline, Fannie ground literature, does not object to it in something Evolh.ola succession after the death of his father Mutasim the year 227 AH. Trusty best for the people of the Two Holy even said that he did not exist in his day the Two Holy any means poor. It has been encouraging for scientists. It was his death in Samarra fever a year (232 AH / 847).

Several revolutions during his reign in the Levant and Palestine because of friction between the Arab population and the Turkish armies formed by his father Mutassim. The suppression of these revolutions, and died confident Abu Jaafar Aaron Ben-Mutasim Mohammed'm not that remained of the year thirty-two were his illness ascites and enter in the tandoor massager which killed lightness and then a recurrence of the second day more than the first taken out in a stretcher and he died where did not feel it. This is a self-assured God, was a succession of five years, spent in the revolutions that have in his reign, and taught breakers on religion and morals an unforgettable lesson, and the isolation of deviated from the governors, and confiscated their money seized wrongfully, and heaped on the people in Mecca and Medina, until he left one means two. During his reign, he opened the "Sicily" island, open-Fadl ibn Jaafar al-Hamdani year 228 AH / 843 AD.

Al-moatasem Billah

Abu Ishaq Mohammad Billah bin Harun al-Rashid Bin Mehdi Ben Mansour eighth Abbasid caliphs, was born in 179 AH and died in Samarra on 18 of the first spring the year 227 AH (4 of February of the year 842 AD), and it was during the reign of his brother's safe and ruler of Syria, Egypt and the safe tends to him for his courage Fullah his reign, and in the day that he died a safe Tartous Apparent Abu Ishaq Mohammed succession and the title Palmatsam God in 19 of Rajab 218 AH (10 August the year 833 AD), according to historians, it was have a distinctive and courage of physical strength, however, Culture was limited and weak in writing, and characterized the era Mutassim is employing Turkish soldiers and to reduce the fierce competition between the Arabs and the Persians in the army and the government. Translator of scientific and Renaissance operations continued to reign as inaugurated by his predecessor safe, but what distinguished the reign of Mutassim is interested in the acquisition of Turkish soldiers Bjelbhm regions of Central Asia Ksamarguend and Khiva, and have filled the Turkish soldiers Baghdad reaching their numbers nearly a dozen Alpha, led to tightening the people of the city , and forced the Caliph as a result to go to the city of Samarra, which was built 100 km north of Baghdad, to be his capital and headquarters of Turkish armies of the Mamluks and the Liberals, and sees historians that tendency Mutasim Turks due to the fact that Turkish and his mother, also wanted to limit the intense competition that existed between the Arabs and the Persians in the army and government

Ibrahim bin al-Mahdi

Ibrahim bin al-Mahdi's brother Haroon Rashid and nickname (the father of Isaac), the most famous boys caliphs male in singing and Otguenhm workmanship, and I know people at the time Palangm and rhythm, of those that were numbered in good private voice, but it was if sang the old song about the first in sleepless roles delete much of Ngmha and Khvvha, it has a defect that. Isaac Musli him with many arguments in the assets of melody and rhythm were not to be interrupted until Ovinya in Tnazaahma age. Ibrahim ibn Mahdi

Al-maamon

Al-maamon bin Harun al-Rashid seventh successors built-Abbas, was born in 170 AH 786 and died invader in 19 Rajab 218 AH August 10 the year 833 Tarsus, his reign saw the prosperous scientific and intellectual renaissance in the Abbasid era and the first since it was attended by Bnevsh.tovi Harun al-Rashid In 809 AD in Khorasan and took a pledge to his son the Secretary, according to the commandment of his father, which also stipulates that the successor to Al-maamon  brother of the Secretary, but the new Caliph quickly take off his brother of the crown prince and appointed his son Moses, a spokesman for the right to the crown prince, Mohammed was then in Khorasan, and when he learned that his brother may wear it for the crown prince took the pledge of allegiance from the people of Khorasan army and went to fight his brother, have been wars between them lasted four years, to be able to safe besiege Baghdad and overcome the Secretary and killed in 813 AD, triumphing over succession.

The uniqueness of the reign of Al-maamon  encourage absolute science of philosophy, medicine, mathematics and astronomy and interesting special science Greece, has Caliph founded in 830 AD University of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, which was one of the major universities age, and invented in his astrolabe and a number of other technical instruments, scientists measure and tried the Earth's circumference evidence to recognize Bkroetha the one hand and the development of science on the other hand; it may be a translation processes sponsored by he and his entourage and Ullach, he highlighted his reign attributes, with which quoted Science and Arts Syriac, Persian and Greek into Arabic, gained through the Arabic language a prominent place as transformed from the language of only poetry and literature to the language of science and philosophy. As well as the translation processes have contributed to the establishment of a high cultural level in the country, then the era of state Testament portion of time on the Shiite satisfaction and taking the green logo instead of black logo, then returned to the brown and black logo Abbas appointed his brother as crown prince. He visited the safe Egypt, Damascus and the island Syrian and died and was buried in Tarsus north of the Levant in August 10 years 833 m, corresponding to a 19 Rajab 218 AH and took a pledge to his brother Mohammad Billah, and continued the translation of scientific and Renaissance operations in his reign as inaugurated by his predecessor Al-maamon .

Mohammed bin Harun

Mohammed bin Harun bin Mohammed bin Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Ali ibn Abdullah ibn Abbas, a sixth of the Abbasid caliphs, took over the succession between 193 to 198 AH 809-813 AD, and lasted almost five years of his reign and the most important what distinguished his reign is the conflict that has him and between his brother's safe, it was this conflict a continuation of the conflict between the Arabs and the Persians in the Abbasid state, and the Arab Party represents the Secretary and Secretary-Fadl ibn spring, the Persian Party was is Palmomon and Secretary-Fadl ibn easy and bitter dispute between the Secretary and safe in two phases, the first phase was a diplomatic peaceful the year 195 AH ended and the second phase was a war phase ended with the death of the Secretary-year 198 AH. The Secretary has received Fiqh and Language Sciences of Alexaii, and read the Koran, does not mention the history in the succession of the Secretary, which lasted close to five years, 193-198 H / 809-813 AD a lot, but he gave the Mujahideen great money and the face of an army subordinate him to the Roman invasion, He gave the cities of stomata confrontation of the Roman something of his care, he commanded in the year 193 AH / 809 AD built a city of Adana and the wisest to build and fortify, and scar the men to inhabit, but otherwise, it has passed succeed him in between him and his brother's safe to struggle for succession, ended with the killing of the Secretary and privately safe-governing.

Harun al-Rashid

Harun al-Rashid bin Mohammed al-Mahdi is the Abbasid Caliph V, is the most popular caliphs Alabasien.gm between 786 and 806 m (170AH e 191 AH) .old about the year 766 AD in irrigation City and died in 806 AD in the city of Tus (scene today). It is more Abbasid caliphs male in foreign sources German Kalhulyat the reign of Emperor Charlemagne which mentioned the name of Aron, Indian, Chinese and yearbooks that mentioned the name of Alun, but Arab sources have elaborated talk about where images caliphate pious religious who flowing Abbarath When you hear the sermon and a fighter who has spent most of his life between Ag and the invasion, was the pilgrimage-year-old and invades the years, and it's the first Khalifa Abbasi led invasion himself, was quoted Ibn Khallikan that good may pilgrimage nine times and was praying day hundred rak, as well as was depicted in the Caliph caution that broadcast his eyes and spies among the people to know their own affairs and their conditions, but He sometimes roams disguised himself in the markets and councils to know what is said to them, and his time is the Islamic Golden Age.

Mousa Al-Hadi

Musa bin Mohammed bin Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Ali Ibn Abdullah bin Abbas bin Abdul-Muttalib - and meet Hadi ratios with the Prophet in Abdul-Muttalib

Al-Hadi bin Abu Abdullah Mohammed Mehdi Ben Jaafar Abu Abdullah al-Mansur of the Abbasid caliphs in Baghdad, the fourth caliph. Hadi was born irrigation e 144AH \ 766 Am. Crown succession after the death of his father, Caliph Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Mahdi year 169 AH \ September 14 786A m and was succeeded by his brother, the Caliph Harun al-Rashid are: Caliph Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Amin and the Caliph Abu Abbas Al-Ma'mun and Caliph Abu Ishaq Mohammad Billah uncle of the children of Harun al-Rashid. Will follow his father should kill heretics Vtaatbahm and created a lot of them were killed.

Hadi was the largest of his brothers, Hadi was eloquent man of letters, topped with prestige, and his influence and magnanimity, and was engraved ring God of Moses he believes and has confidence was known for his generosity and his bid very much. Has in the era of the Pacific many revolutions and conflicts of war internal and external, was among them Hussein bin Ali bin Hassan revolution who declared himself caliph in the city, and has been the suppression of the revolution and the elimination of Hussein and his men, but the cousin of Hussein bin Ali survived the killings and fled to Morocco, and founded there the nucleus of the state Idrisid.

Some historians believe that the death of Hadi was a natural death, while some believe that he was murdered by the girl bamboo tender or Harun al-Rashid ordered Jawareha that Aguetlnh Fajnguenh, believed to be the cause of the assassination is the desire of the Pacific in the locker of his brother Haroon Rashid of the mandate of the Covenant, and made it to his son Jaafar. Hadi died in 170 AH \ 787 Am.

Muhammad bin Abdullah

Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Mansour bin Mohammed bin Ali al-Mahdi in God. Is the third caliphs of the Abbasid state in Iraq. Born Baivj Core of Ahvaz in his 127AH \ 745 AD and died Pmaspman mother is the mother of Moses girl Mansour Ahumairah. Crown succession after the death of his father, Abu Jafar al-Mansur in 158AH \ 775 AD. His father had ordered him to Tabaristan and Mawallagha.

Mahdi Mahmoud biography was endearing to the parish, good attitude and character, a horse, and was seated grievances but shame them enough is enough. During his reign, Irbid opened from India and multiplied Fotouh Ballroom also built Rusafa collector. Baghdad continued to rebound in his time and increased her fame and attracted more immigrants of various races and religions even said it was the most populous cities in the world at that time. Influence Baramka grown in his time, said his Golden: «is the first to work the mail from the Hijaz to Iraq». The grandfather Mahdi in tracking the heretics and to exterminate them and search for them in the horizons and murder on the charge and ordered the classification of written arguments in reply to the heretics and atheists. Roy talking about his father Wu Mubarak Faddaalah, happened to him Yahya Hamza Bin Jaafar Bin Sulaiman Alillaa and Mohammed bin Abdullah Alrqashi and Sufian Abu Saeed Bin Yahya Humairi Mahdi died in 169 AH \ 785AD. The duration of his succession ten years and months.

Mahdi was under way by a passion as well as they Taathamah much of the feds knew what she said in the same fear that Imlna and let me Vomut Mahdi said in that:

Conquered the heart of me Ghada such as Crescent --- whenever you will have Woody came impairment

Do not love me and abandonment Altinai for Wesal --- but my love to keep her fear Almlal

Abdullah Abu Jafar al-Mansur

Abdullah Abu Jafar al-Mansur. Full name Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Ali bin Abdullah bin Abbas bin Abdul-Muttalib, the second Abbasid caliphs and the most powerful. He teeth from his brother's killer six years, but his brother Imam Ibrahim bin Mohammed bin Ali when he was arrested Marwan II soldiers were handed over to the Imamate without Mansour Abu Abbas. And best known for the construction of Al-Mansour Baghdad which has turned to the capital of the Abbasid state. And took over the succession after the death of his brother's killer of the year 754 AD until his death in 775 AD 136 to 158 e

The biggest concern of Mansour during his rule is to strengthen the rule of the family of Bani Abbas and get rid of any threat to their control even if it was previously an ally such as Abu Muslim, who led the revolt against the Abbasid Umayyad in Khorasan.

The Abu Jaafar is the real founder of the Abbasid state, no doubt that the time spent in the al-Mansur of the Abbasid Caliphate is one of the most important eras of succession, was sentenced nearly 22 years, a strong judgment and focused Caliph where all the state authorities in his hand. Ibn Tabataba in Emeritus is enacted Sunan and laid down the policy and invented things, and walked his sons caliphs after him on his career; it is over so I made to the children of Abbas support legitimate to inherit the state gave them a head start on the sons of their uncle Atalibaan was the correspondence between him and the Mohammed bin Abdullah bin Hassan self pure aka and boils down to that bond in the advisory opinion that Uncle deserving of the genetics of the girl and the cousin and intended to Fatima Zahra, and Ali ibn Abi Talib, and the Al-Mansour is from the age of religious politics and make it the basis for the rule of the Abbasids and went in to the greatest extent even said I am only Sultan of God in the land.

Abdullah bin Mohammed

Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Ali bin Abdullah bin Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib (727-10 June 754 AD), he meets with the Prophet Mohammed bin Abdullah in his grandfather Abdul Muttalib. Born Bahumaimh (which is found the village of Jordan currently) in the days of the Umayyad rule and his father, Mohammed bin Ali known carpeted (which is on the carpet Zine El Abidine Ben Al Hussein Ben Ali), his father came down intimate break with the minimum of worship, and where guests descended upon Abu Hashem Abdullah bin Mohammed (aka Son Tap) bin Ali bin Abi Talib, was returning from the Suleiman bin Abdul Malik, he has died after being transferred to secret call Bayt secrets. Undertaken Mohammed bin Ali and his sons confidential call, and supported, and while Mohammed bin Ali died, took the call after him Ibrahim Imam bin Mohammed, and was the son of a woman from the Arab silks, and almost matter that is to not be detected Marwan II, killing the imam, Louvre Abu Abbas and his brother Abu Jafar to Kufa, and Ibrahim had entrusted the matter to Abu Abbas after him even though he is smaller than the Abu Jaafar, but I'm a free woman, which, provided girl Obaidullah ibn Abi convicted Harthy (and Harith tribe operates agriculture and plowing lives even today in the mountains of southern Hijaz in the suburbs of Taif), and Abu Jafar son barbaric nation. Abu Abbas rule four years (750-754) on which the call to the v

Abbasid caliphs

They are the successors of the Abbasid caliphs Alqrhien group of Muslims descended from the youngest uncles of the Prophet of Islam Muhammad bin Abdullah dynasty, namely Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib.

Abbasids adopted in the establishment of their state on the horse, aggrieved at the Umayyad them to be excluded from positions of state and major centers, and keep Arabs out, also persuaded the Abbasids Shiites to help destabilize the entity of the Umayyad dynasty. Transfer Abbasid capital of the state, after the success of their revolution, of Damascus, to Kufa, then Anbar before they constructed the city of Baghdad to be their capital, which flourished for three centuries, and became the world's largest cities and the most beautiful, and the capital of science and the arts, but the star took to fade with the beginning of the sunset of the Abbasid state as a whole. Varied reasons that led to the collapse of the Abbasid state.

Abbasid rule ended in Baghdad in 1258 when the oldest Hulagu Khan Tatar on the looting and burning of the city and killed most of its inhabitants, including the caliph and his sons. Moved from surviving from Bani Abbas to Cairo after the destruction of Baghdad, where they established the caliphate once again in the year 1261 AD, and by this time he was the Caliph has become a symbol of the unity of the Islamic state religion, but in fact, the Mamluk sultans were the actual rulers of the state.

Abbasid caliphate lasted list until the year 1519 AD, when they swept the Ottoman armies, the Levant and Egypt and opened its cities and castles, last caliphs Vtnazl his title to Sultan Al-Othman, Selim I, became the Ottomans successors Muslims, and taken center of the capital of Cairo to Astana.

Abbasid Caliphate

Abbasid Caliphate is the name given to a third Islamic caliphate in history, and the second-Islamic dynasties. Could Abbasids to throw off the Umayyad of trained and Astafrdoa succession, has been spent on that ruling dynasty and chased her children even spent the most of them were not spared them only resorted to Andalusia, was among them Abdul Rahman bin Muawiya ibn Hisham bin Abdul Malik bin Marwan I, Vastoly on the Iberian Peninsula, and we stayed in a handicap for the year 1029 AD.

Abbasid state was founded by the descendants of the youngest uncles of the Prophet of Islam Muhammad bin Abdullah dynasty, namely Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib, was the Abbasids in the establishment of their state on the horse, aggrieved at the Umayyad to the exclusion adopted them from positions of state and major centers, and keep Arabs out, also persuaded the Abbasids Shiites to help destabilize the entity of the Umayyad dynasty. Transfer Abbasid capital of the state, after the success of their revolution, of Damascus, to Kufa, then Anbar before they constructed the city of Baghdad to be their capital, which flourished for three centuries, and became the world's largest cities and the most beautiful, and the capital of science and the arts, but the star took to fade with the beginning of the sunset of the Abbasid state as a whole. Varied reasons that led to the collapse of the Abbasid state, notably: the emergence of populism and different religious movements in this day and age, populism has led to a preference for non-Arabic people on the Arabs, and the long controversy between the parties to the conflict, and each team won his sons. In addition to political populism, it formed a multi-religious teams opposed the Abbasid rule. The centerpiece of the dispute between the teams and the referees between the Abbasids is «succession» or lead the Muslims. And each had its own group of them and its own system and logos and the way in calling for these principles aimed to achieve its objectives in the establishment of rule that you want. And this made the difference people sects, parties, and became the Abbasid communities where the fields of jostling opinions and contradict, this broadening of the political dispute between the citizens of the Abbasid state and helped cracked ideological unity which is the basis of political unity. And internal factors that encouraged the spread of separatist movements, the expansion of the Abbasid state, so that after the capital and the distance between the parts of the country and the difficulty of transportation at that time, made the governors in the country's remote exceed their powers and riding in the affairs of their states without fear coming from the capital of the caliphate armies to quell the movement of separatism and which were not up until it was too late, and the most prominent separatist movements from the Abbasid State: Alodrash movement and Aghlabids, the movement of the Fatimid.

Abbasid rule ended in Baghdad in 1258 when the oldest Hulagu Khan Tatar on the looting and burning of the city and killed most of its inhabitants, including the caliph and his sons. Moved from surviving from Bani Abbas to Cairo after the destruction of Baghdad, where they established the caliphate once again in the year 1261 AD, and by this time he was the Caliph has become a symbol of the unity of the Islamic state religion, but in fact, the Mamluk sultans Egyptians were the actual rulers of the state. Abbasid caliphate lasted list until the year 1519 AD, when they swept the Ottoman armies, the Levant and Egypt and opened its cities and castles, last caliphs Vtnazl his title to Sultan Al-Othman, Selim I, became the Ottomans successors Muslims, and taken center of the capital of
Cairo to Constantinople.

Abbasid state in the maximum amplitude in 850:

Marwan ibn Muhammad

Marwan II ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan I ibn Abi al-Aas bin illiteracy Qurashi, Abu Abdul Malik, the Umayyad caliph, Marwan known ass. Also known as Marwan Aldjada relative to the polite frizzy bin AED, and is said to hit the proverbial "Be patient in the war of the donkey."

(72 AH-13 Dhu al-Hijjah 132 AH / 691-23 July 750 AD) is the last of the Umayyad caliphs in Damascus. Grandson took over the succession after his uncle, Abdul Malik, Ibrahim ibn al-Walid, who gave up his succession. Nicknamed Abu Abdullah existing right of God, and he does not cease to fight the Kharijites. Prior to his succession, the ruler of the territory of Armenia and Azerbaijan. Has shown the efficiency and capacity in the management of his affairs, individual raids on the Turks and Khazars within its mandate after the great battles.

When he ascended to power and took over the succession, he could not stand in the way of conspiracies and strife that ravaged his state, even though spending on the unrest, revolutions and prosecution of conspirators against the Islamic state entity and outlaws in the period since the beginning of his reign. As it was known that he was a hero brave shrewd, thoughtful, mighty, up Sir Balsry, and dries his LAPD as described by historian Ibn many, but it was defeated in the Battle of the Zab critical, and fell Umayyad state then, he said to have continued in hiding until he was found in Abusir and killed.

Ibrahim ibn al-Walid al-Qurashi

Ibrahim ibn al-Walid al-Qurashi Umayyad (128-128 AH) corresponding to (744 AD - 744 AD), the Umayyad caliph XIII. Caliphate era took over from his brother over the third. Did not last reign long as no Ibayah but the people of Damascus, and goes against not recognized by Marwan bin Mohammed bin Marwan I have promise in charge is a third brother over the death of Caliph atheist ten-Walid II Bin Al-Yazid II this maneuver it was to receive the succession. Came the rule of Ibrahim ibn al-Walid in the state after the disturbance was at the height of its prosperity and power, ordered the killing of two sons of Caliph al-Walid II, fearing for his reign. And broadcast in succession seventy days, and ended his reign when he took Marwan II is Damascus, who controlled the state and the waiver of Abraham for his succession, and Ibrahim disappeared, then appeared after security Marwan. And murder with the killing of the Umayyad while their state fell at the hands of the Abbasids, and was told in the sinking of the Zab river, and that was the year 132 Ah 

Yazeed Ibn al-Walid

Yazeed Ibn al-Walid over the Umayyad Qurashi (86-126 AH / 705 AD -744 AD), the second ten Umayyad caliph. He died shortly after he took his succession did not last more than six months.

Yazid called incomplete because he wanted to follow the example of old bin Abdul Aziz Vanquish like old army salaries after that was over the second Umayyad caliph IX may just make matters after his succession.

Came to power after a coup on his cousin Al-Walid II as it moved from the suburb of Mezze one of the suburbs of Damascus, who controlled the mosque and sent the commander of his own could arrest of Walid II in his palace and kill him. They tend to repair itself and was austere. Crown Prince brother Ibrahim ibn al-Walid.

It was the first out with weapons in Eid. That day came out between two rows of them riding the arms of the fortress door to the chapel.

Al-Walid ibn yazeed

Al-Walid II Umayyad Qurashi and newborn nicknamed II (707-744 AD) ruling atheist ten of the rulers of the Umayyad nicknamed Abu Abbas. Sentenced to one year and two months from 743 to 744 m. His mother or pilgrims girl Mohammed bin Yusuf brother pilgrims. He came to power in Damascus after the death of his uncle Hisham bin Abdul Malik.

Was killed by his soldiers in the war that took place between him and his cousin Yazid III year 126 AH (744 AD) was led by Mohammed bin Khalid forced Bajali was in al-Nu'man bin Bashir Balbkhra Palace, and hold his head to Damascus Vensb Mosque. Showing his head and his brother Suleiman ibn Yazid said: dimension him testify that he was Hroba of vintage Magna.

The warrant of arrest for Al Waleed Khalid bin Abdullah forced Bajali and tortured until he died, his son Mohammed was directed at the head of the group that killed the newborn, but it was in retaliation for his father (Khalid forced) and taking revenge. Waleed died at the age of 38 years and the short duration of his rule did not last more than one year

Hisham bin Abdul Malik

Hisham bin Abdul Malik al-Qurashi Umayyad (71-125 e) (691 m - 743 m) was tenth Umayyad caliphs (ruled: 105-125 AH / 724-743 AD), was in the custody of the maximum breadth of the Islamic empire, fought the Byzantines and seized his armies on Narbonh and reached the gates of Poitiers (France) where she signed Battle of Tours. Umayyads ruled areas in 750 AD by the Umayyad dynasty in 750 AD

Islamic conquests witnessed during the reign of Hisham bin Abdul Malik significant progress.

Born in Damascus. Apparent succession after the death of his brother in more than 723 m. And increased in the custody of tribalism between Almdharah and Alemnip, caught mesmerized many revolutions around the country: the Kharijites revolution and Shiites in Kufa (led by Zaid bin Ali bin Al-Hussein), and Berbers in Morocco; as well as troubled strife in the country beyond the river, has spent all of them acknowledged for his skill and cunning and strength.

During his reign became the state of the Umayyad start a permanent capital and the seat of the caliphate of Damascus, the capital of the summer, a city of Rusafa on the Euphrates in Syria River called Rusafa Hisham defined as gardens and orchards miniature orchards Damascus, interested in the organization of the bureaucracy, and the work to take care of science and culture, and translated in the custody of a lot of literature. Work on the reform of agriculture Fjvv swamps and increased the area of ​​cultivated land on the banks of rivers and around the state. He gave expansions, and achieved many victories over the Romans and in the south of the Caspian Sea. His reign marked by the rule of safety in the Levant and across the Islamic country. Rasafa died, and is one of the powerful Umayyad caliphs.

Yazid ibn Abdul-Malik

Yazid ibn Abdul-Malik al-Qurashi and nicknamed the Umayyad Yazid II was born in 71 AH. Crown Caliphate in Damascus after Omar bin Abdul Aziz year 101 AH, the son of nine and twenty years in the words of Hisham bin Muhammad [1] era of his brother Suleiman bin Abdul Malik. Said, "Abdul Rahman bin Zaid bin Aslam:" As the Crown over the succession said Sirois biography of Omar bin Abdul Aziz came forty senators Vhhdoa him what the caliphs account nor torment His son Almajhun to Omar bin Abdul Aziz died, said more than God, what age Bohoj to God to me sued forty days walking the biography of Omar bin Abdul Aziz, then changed it and said, "Salim bin Bashir": Omar bin Abdul Aziz wrote to Yazid II while dying peace you but after I do not showed me only for unmet God is God in the nation of Muhammad, let the world for those who It shall praise thee and not to those who do not spend Aadhirk and peace.

His days were days invasions and conquests, the greatest surgeon estoppel war in the country beyond the river with the Turks and Allan and defeated them. In the year 102 AH, came out bin Muhallab over the succession to his regiment Muslim bin Abdul Malik defeated over and killed, Balaqir position near Karbala Kalbi said: They say originated sacrificed sons of illiteracy Karbala on religion and on Uqair generosity.

It was Yazid II of Almruat owners with excessive demand pleasures, it has an important love Bjaratin of Jawarah, one called Hababah and the other called safety was infatuation love Hababah and built her a palace beautiful Damascus and Accessories and endowed the best decorations and famous story Hababah whatever fame in history, died after she died a few days easy reportedly seventeen days. Khalifa Matt does not know Loving others. Novels have been uncertain about what is not worthy because of his passion for concubines said, and to what it is that some historians, including historian Ibn entice Brady, author of (Brilliant Stars) reject these novels and Erdunha to curse the rebels Abbasids the Umayyad and especially in this period of the late Umayyad rule, and they foisted and malicious.

Ibn Kathir said of him:

«What was it quite a bit, but it is clear that political expertise and administrative efficiency, were not qualify him to fill his place, and the leadership of the State or the great achievement of achievements, and unique policies that draws the attention, was more than an ordinary governor is not politically mighty Kamaaoah, or administratively successful slave King , or a reformer such as Omar, was not as offensive as the daughter of Al-Walid II, and can say that the inaugural succession after Omar bin Abdul Aziz made the paradox between him and Omar clear and large, and led to the opacity of the image of the Muslim population. »

According to promoter gold Messaoudi Page 210: Abu Hamza outside if said Bani Marwan and saliva said Yazid II said: sit Hababah on his right hand and safety on his left, then he said: I want to fly, flew to curse God and a painful torment. Speeches bin Abdul Malik more than people saying (Dear people he to obey a creature in disobedience to the Creator but obedience to God it obeyed God Atiaoh what obeyed if disobeyed or invited to sin this people to disobey and Aitaa I say this and I ask forgiveness from God for me and you and peace be upon you and God's mercy and blessings be upon you). It was sent at the same this year to those who were under his command in Iraq (Yusuf ibn Umar) and brought him to Damascus, when he stood in front of him and in his hands and had a long beard he took his beard and Oboukh I warn and removed from office because of his sack and because of outrage on Alemnip They folk Khalid bin Abdullah forced, and this act and this sermon to Yazid II sign of fairness in governance, integrity and beyond all reproach.

Omar bin Abdul Aziz

Abu Hafs Omar bin Abdul Aziz bin Marwan bin al-Qurashi Umayyad rule (61 e \ 681 m - 101 e \ 720 m), is the eighth Umayyad caliphs. Year 61 AH born in Medina, and he grew up at his maternal uncles from Al Omar ibn al-Khattab, Vtother their companions and community in the city, and was a great demand for the application of science. In the year 87 AH, and above Caliph Walid bin Abdul Malik on the Emirate of Medina, then join the mandate Taif his 91 years, he became ruler of all of the Hijaz, and then isolate them and go to Damascus. When he took Suleiman bin Abdul Malik succession proximity and make it a minister and an adviser to him, then made him his heir, when Solomon died in 99 AH took Omar succession.

Marked by a succession of Omar bin Abdul Aziz, a number of features, including: the Justice and Equality, stated grievances that were the predecessors of the Umayyad may have committed, and the isolation of all the governors oppressors and punished, as re-work Shura, so several more of the fifth scientists Caliphs, as interested in science legitimacy and ordered the codification of the Hadith. Omar succession lasted two years and five months and four days, even poisoned killed in 101 AH, Vetoly bin Abdul King over the succession after him.

Suleiman bin Abdul Malik

Suleiman bin Abdul Malik bin Marwan I ibn Abi al-Aas bin illiteracy (54-99 AH / 674-717 AD), the Umayyad caliph VII, which is one of the successors of the sons of the mighty illiteracy, born to Damascus and the Crown succession on the death of his brother Caliph Walid bin Abdul Malik in 96 e. And the duration of the succession does not exceed two years and seven months. (Referee: 96-99 AH / 715-717 AD).

People were in Damascus they call a good key and love him and blessed him sowed justice and fair to both stop Bbabh, and Caliph Suleiman bin Abdul Malik is characterized by beauty great purpose of procreation and the dignity tall white face coupled eyebrows eloquent eloquent, he worked in his term succession every Maver interest of the people and maintained the breadth and strength State of the Umayyad and care about all people Maani was cleared prisoners and prisons and treat everyone the best FXP love and it was fairer Caliphs, Muslims and Caliph Omar bin Abdul Aziz after him.

During the reign of Caliph Suleiman bin Abdul Malik conquests Umayyad continued in Asia and opened Gorgan and Tabaristan, and equipped with a large army from the coast of the Levant and prepared Umayyad fleet and walking in the ships to the siege of Constantinople, and walked with the campaign and the determination not to come back until you open Constantinople or die and he died stationed in glutinous northern city of Aleppo .

Al-walid bin Abdul Malik

Walid bin Abdul Malik Umayyad al-Qurashi, Abu Abbas was born in Medina in 668 AD \ 50 AH-715 \ 96 e and the rule of 705 m up to 715 m. It was his father, Crown Prince of Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan and his brother, his brother Crown Prince Suleiman bin Abdul Malik.

It did not send him and his father in percentage desert to learn the Arabic language and literature at a young age, pity him, so he raised this lack of education in his mastery of the Arabic language, and in spite of it, it has acquired from his father's many advantages that enabled him to take over the succession.

Nicknamed the era of the first newborn golden age of the State of the Umayyad was his time at the top of the prosperity of the Umayyad dynasty drew leaders from Damascus to open the country in different directions where Islam arrived to China in the east and to Andalusia (Spain) to the west, and it was his men Muhammad bin Qasim who opened the country's Sindh and Qutaiba ibn Muslim and to Khurasan who opened Transoxiana and Musa Bin Naseer, who joined the Tariq ibn Ziyad in the open and in the West African open-Andalus. Umayyad dynasty reached the height of his reign in full throttle as they opened their armies Bukhara, Samarkand and Khiva, and Ferghana, India and Tangier and Al-Andalus. It stretched the limits of his time in the Islamic state from Morocco and Spain Far to the west and reached the breadth of the Umayyad dynasty to the country of India and China in the east Turkistan The parties in Central Asia to be the Umayyad dynasty largest Muslim empire in history.

The Great Mosque of Damascus, built more monumental arrangement for al-Walid