Ali bin Abi Talib bin Muttalib al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (13 Rajab 23 s e / March 17 599 m - 21 Ramadan 40 AH / January 27 661 m) cousin of Mohammed bin Abdullah, the Prophet of Islam and his brother in law, from each house, and foster when he died and his parents and grandfather, and a his companions, is the fourth Caliphs when the year and one of the ten missionaries heaven and the first Shiite imams.
Born in Mecca and sources indicate that his birth date was in the middle of the Kaaba, [1] and his mother Fatima girl lion Hashemite. Aslam before the Prophet's migration, which is the second or third people entering into Islam, and the first of the safest of the boys. Migrated to Medina after the migration of Muhammad and three days with his brother Mohammed himself while brotherhood among Muslims, and his wife, his daughter Fatima in the second year of migration.
Ali participated in the invasions of each apostle except the Battle of Tabuk, where his successor, where Mohammed of the city. [2] and knew Bhdth and his proficiency in the fighting was an important factor in the victory of Muslims in various battles, notably the Battle of the Trench and the Battle of Khyber. I was on the position of the Prophet Muhammad confidence was a Book of Revelation and the most important one of his ministers and ambassadors.
The status of Ali bin Abi Talib and his relationship with the owners of the Prophet into a historical and ideological disagreement between different Islamic sects, sees some of them that God has chosen a trustee and an imam and a successor to the Muslims, and that Muhammad had declared in a speech Bourne, therefore considered that the selection of Abu Bakr to succeed Muslims was contrary to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad , as they see that some of his companions were tense relationship. On the contrary, some of whom deny the occurrence of such an installation, and they see that the Prophet by the owners of the relationship was good and stable. The difference in belief about Ali is the original cause of the conflict between Sunnis and Shiites over the ages.
Apparent succession in 35 AH (656 AD) in Medina, was sentenced to five years and three months was described by political instability, but it was marked by significant progress of civilization, especially in the capital of the new caliphate Kufa. And signed a lot of fights because of sedition, which is an extension of the Siege of Uthman, which led to the dispersion of Muslims row and their division of the Shiite Ali al-Khalifa legitimate, and Shiites Osman claimants his blood led Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan who the killer in two rows, girl Abu Bakr, Aisha, along with Talha and Zubair bin Floater killers who on the day of the sentences by the most recent strife Some even Atharboa; also came out on the group knew Baljuj and defeated them in Nahrawan, featured Taade groups and disassociate itself from his rule and Ssayasth named Balnoesb Perhaps the most prominent of the Kharijites. Cited by Abdul Rahman bin mg in 40 AH Ramadan in the year 661 AD.
Ali became famous when Muslims Balvsahh and wisdom, Veensp him a lot of poems and aphorisms. It is also a symbol of courage and strength and is characterized by justice and asceticism novels contained in the books of modern history. It is also of the greatest scientists of his day note accordingly if not the oldest ever as Shiites and some Sunnis believed, including a number of Sufi difference
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